String——Dart
Dart中的String是一系列的UTF-16的字符单元。
1、使用单引号或者双引号均可创建一个String:
var s1 = 'Single quotes work well for string literals.';
var s2 = "Double quotes work just as well.";
var s3 = 'It\'s easy to escape the string delimiter.';
var s4 = "It's even easier to use the other delimiter.";
2、${expression}
使用 ${expression} 可以在字符串中直接添加表达式的值。
如果表达式是一个标识符,{}
还可以省略,直接使用$expression
即可。
你可以通过Object#toString()方法,得到对象的string表示。
var s = 'string interpolation';
assert('Dart has $s, which is very handy.' ==
'Dart has string interpolation, ' +
'which is very handy.');
assert('That deserves all caps. ' +
'${s.toUpperCase()} is very handy!' ==
'That deserves all caps. ' +
'STRING INTERPOLATION is very handy!');
Note: == 操作符可以检测两个对象是否相等。对String来说,如果它们拥有相同的字符单元序列,那它们就是相等的。
3、字符串连接
单行字符串
Dart中,单行字符串既可以使用 + 号链接,也可以使用相邻的字符串字面值。如下所示:
var s1 = 'String '
'concatenation'
" works even over line breaks.";
assert(s1 ==
'String concatenation works even over '
'line breaks.');
var s2 = 'The + operator ' + 'works, as well.';
assert(s2 == 'The + operator works, as well.');
多行字符串
使用三个单引号或者双引号创建多行字符串。
var s1 = '''
You can create
multi-line strings like this one.
''';
var s2 = """This is also a
multi-line string.""";
4、原始字符串—— “raw” string
你可以通过前缀 r 生成一个原始字符串。
var s = r'In a raw string, not even \n gets special treatment.';
如何在String中表示Unicode字符,参见Runes。
编译时常量
字符串字面值是编译时常量,前提是任何字符串插入值的类型也是编译时常量,并且是null、数值类型、字符串、布尔类型 之一。
main() {
// These work in a const string.
const aConstNull = null;
const aConstNum = 0;
const aConstNum1 = 0.1;
const aConstBool = true;
const aConstString = 'a constant string';
const validConstString = '$aConstNull $aConstNum $aConstNum1 $aConstBool $aConstString';
print('validConstString:$validConstString');
// These do NOT work in a const string.
var aNull = null;
var aNum = 0;
var aNum1 = 0.1;
var aBool = true;
var aString = 'a string';
const aConstList = [1, 2, 3];
//下面这行代码编译不通过
// const invalidConstString = '$aNum $aBool $aString $aConstList';
}
更多信息请参阅:Strings and regular expressions
参考:https://www.dartlang.org/guides/language/language-tour#strings